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Stubai (Master)

Operator: University of Innsbruck, Institute of Ecology
DEIMS Database: Stubaital
Contact: Ulrike Tappeiner, Georg Wohlfahrt, Michael Bahn

Site description

The LTER-grassland sites in the Stubai Valley are situated near the village of Neustift (47° 7’ N, 11° 18’ O). They include a valley bottom meadow at 970 m a.s.l., cut 3-4 times per year, as well as three grasslands differing in land use, which located on the mountain slope in the vicinity of the Kaserstattalm: a mountain meadow at 1820 m a.s.l. (one cut, lightly grazed in late summer), a pasture at 1850 m a.s.l. and a grassland at 1970 m a.s.l., which was abandoned 25 years ago. Documentation of management history and vegetation dynamics of the whole area date back to 1865, and detailed information on the current socio-economic situation and future land-use scenarios is available. At the LTER-grassland sites ecological effects of global change on mountain regions have been experimentally studied since 1993. A range of EU research projects (Integralp, Ecomont, Carbomont, Vital, Carbo-Extreme, GHG-Europe), five FWF-projects and numerous international and national projects have contributed studies on greenhouse gas fluxes (focus on CO2, but also methane, N2O and VOC), productivity, C sequestration, nitrogen cycling, water balance and potential risks such as erosion and snow gliding.

At all four sites micro-climate stations are continuously recording solar radiation, precipitation, air- and soil temperatures and moisture, as well as soil CO2 concentrations Since 2001 the net exchange of CO2 and water vapour between the valley bottom meadow and the atmosphere have been monitored at high time resolution, and contribute to the international Fluxnet database. Furthermore on all LTER-sites experiments have been and are being performed assessing the impact of global changes (climate, land use) on ecological processes in mountain grassland.

Publications


  • Bahn M., Reichstein M., Davidson E. A., Grünzweig J., Jung M., Carbone M. S., Epron D., Misson L., Nouvellon Y., Roupsard O., Savage K., Trumbore S. E., Gimeno C., Curiel Yuste J., Tang J., Vargas R., Janssens I. A. (2010): Soil respiration at mean annual temperature predicts an­nual total across vegetation types and biomes. Biogeosciences 7: 2147­2157.

  • Bahn M., Lattanzi F.A., Hasibeder R., Wild B., Koranda M., Danese V., Brüggemann N., Schmitt M., Siegwolf R., Richter A. (2013): Responses of belowground carbon allocation dynamics to extended shading in mountain grassland. New Phytologist 198: 116–126.

  • Bahn M., Rodeghiero M., Anderson­Dunn M., Dore S., Gimeno S., Drösler M., Williams M., Ammann C., Berninger F., Flechard C., Jones S., Balzarolo M., Kumar S., Newesely C., Priwitzer T., Raschi A., Siegwolf R., Susiluoto S., Tenhunen J., Wohlfahrt G., Cernusca A. (2008): Soil respiration in European grasslands in relation to climate and assimilate supply. Ecosystems 11: 1352­1367.

  • Bahn M., Schmitt M., Siegwolf R., Richter A., Brüggemann N. (2009): Does photosynthesis affect grassland soil respired CO2 and its carbon isotope composition on a diurnal timescale? New Phytologist 182: 452­460.

  • Bamberger I., Hörtnagl L., Ruuskanen T.M., Schnitzhofer R., Müller M., Graus M., Karl T., Wohlfahrt G., Hansel A. (2011): Deposition fluxes of terpenes over grassland. Journal of Geophysical Research 116, D14305, DOI:10.1029/2010JD015457.

  • Bamberger I., Hörtnagl L., Schnitzhofer R., Graus M., Ruuskanen T., Müller M., Dunkel J., Wohlfahrt G., Hansel A. (2010): BVOC fluxes above mountain grassland. Biogeosciences 7, 1413 1424.

  • Bayfield N., Barancok P., Furger M., Sebastia M.T., Domínguez G., Lapka M., Cudlinova E., Vescovo L., Gianelle D., Cernusca A., Tappeiner U., Drösler M. (2008): Stakeholder Perceptions of the Impacts of Rural Funding Scenarios on Mountain Landscapes across Europe. Ecosys­tems 11: 1368­1382.

  • Beer C., Ciais P., Reichstein M., Baldocchi D., Law B., Papale D., Soussana J.­F., Ammann C., Buchmann N., Frank D., Gianelle D., Janssens I.A., Knohl A., Köstner B., Moors E., Roupsard O., Verbeeck H., Vesala T., Williams C., Wohlfahrt G. (2009): Temporal and among­site varia­bility of inherent water­use efficiency at the ecosystem scale. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 23, GB2018, doi:10.1029/2008GB003233.

  • Bertoldi G., Notarnicola C., Leitinger G., Endrizzi S., Zebisch M., Della Chiesa S., Tappeiner U. (2010): Topographical and ecohydrological controls on land surface temperature in an Alpine catchment. Ecohydrology 3:189­204.

  • Brilli F., Hörtnagl L., Hammerle A., Haslwanter A., Hansel A., Loreto F., Wohlfahrt G. (2011): Leaf and ecosystem response to soil water availability in mountain grasslands. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 151, 1731-1740.

  • Cernusca, A., Bahn, M., Bayfield, N., Chemini, C., Graber, W., Siegwolf, R.T.W., Tappeiner, U., Tenhunen, J. (1998) ECOMONT: A combined approach of field measurements and process-based modelling for assessing effects of land-use changes in mountain landscapes. Ecological Modelling, 113, 167-178, DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3800(98)00142-2

  • Cernusca A., Bahn M., Berninger F., Tappeiner U., Wohlfahrt G. (2008) Effects of land­use changes on sources, sinks and fluxes of carbon in European mountain grasslands. Ecosystems 11: 1335­1337.

  • Fondevilla C., Àngels Colomer M., Fillat F., Tappeiner U. (2016) Using a new PDP modelling approach for land-use and land-cover change predictions: A case study in the Stubai Valley (Central Alps). Ecological Modelling, 322, 101–114, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.11.016

  • Fontana V., Kohler M., Niedrist G., Bahn M., Tappeiner U., Frenck G. (2017) Decomposing the land-use specific response of plant functional traits along environmental gradients. Science of the Total Environment, 599-600, 750-759, DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.245.

  • Frenck G., Leitinger G., Obojes N., Hofmann M., Newesely C., Deutschmann M., Tappeiner U., Tasser E. (2018) Community specific hydraulic conductance potential of soil water decomposed for two Alpine grasslands by small-scale lysimetry. Biogeosciences, 15, 1-16, DOI: 10.5194/bg-15-1-2018.

  • Fritsche J., Wohlfahrt G., Ammann Ch., Zeeman M.J., Hammerle A., Obrist D., Alewell Ch. (2008): Summertime elemental mercury exchange of temperate grasslands on an ecosystem scale. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 8, 7709­7722.

  • Fuchslueger L., Bahn M., Fritz K., Hasibeder R., Richter, A. (2014): Experimental drought reduces the transfer of recently fixed plant carbon to soil microbes and alters the bacterial community composition in a mountain meadow. New Phytologist 201: 916–927.

  • Fuchslueger L., Kastl E.-M., Bauer F., Kienzl S., Hasibeder R., Ladreiter-Knauss T., Schmitt M., Bahn M., Schloter M., Richter A., Szukics U. (2014): Effects of drought on nitrogen turnover and abundances of ammonia-oxidizers in mountain grassland. Biogeosciences, in press.

  • Gilmanov et al. (2007): Partitioning European grassland net ecosystem CO2 exchange into gross primary productivity and ecosystem respi­ration using light response function analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 121, 93­120, 2007

  • Grêt-Regamey A, Weibel B, Bagstad KJ, Ferrari M, Geneletti D, Klug H, Schirpke U, Tappeiner U (2014) On the effects of scale for ecosystem services mapping. PLoS ONE 9(12) e112601. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112601

  • Grigulis K., Lavorel S., Krainer U., Legay N., Baxendale C., Dumont M, Kastl E., Arnoldi C., Bardgett R.D., Poly F., Pommier T., Schloter M., Tappeiner U., Bahn M., Clément J.C. (2013): Relative contributions of plant traits and soil microbial properties to mountain grassland ecosystem services. Journal of Ecology 101: 47–57.

  • Groenendijk M., Dolman H., Ammann C., Arneth A., Cescatti A., Dragoni D., Gash J., Gianelle D., Gioli B., Kiely G., Knohl A., Law B., Lund M., Marcolla B., van der Molen M., Montagnani L., Moors E., Richardson A., Roupsard O., Verbeeck H., Wohlfahrt G. (2011) Seasonal variation of photosynthetic model parameters and leaf area index from global Fluxnet eddy covariance data. Journal of Geophysical Research 116, G04027, DOI:10.1029/2011JG001742.

  • Hammerle A., Haslwandter A., Schmitt M., Bahn M., Cernusca A., Tappeiner U., Wohlfahrt G. (2007): Eddy covariance measurements of car­bon dioxide, latent and sensible energy fluxes above a meadow on a mountain slope. Boundary Layer Meteorology 122: 397­416.

  • Hammerle A., Haslwanter A., Tappeiner U., Cernusca A. and Wohlfahrt G. (2008): Leaf area controls on energy partitioning of a temperate mountain grassland. Biogeosciences 5, 421­431.

  • Heinl M., Leitinger G., Tappeiner U. (2012) Diurnal Surface Temperature Regimes in Mountain Environments. Physical Geography 33/4,344-359, DOI: 10.2747/0272-3646.33.4.344

  • Hörtnagl L., Bamberger I., Graus M., Ruuskanen T. M., Schnitzhofer R., Müller M., Hansel A., and Wohlfahrt G. (2011): Biotic, abiotic, and management controls on methanol exchange above a temperate mountain grassland. Journal of Geophysical Research 116, G03021, DOI: 10.1029/2011JG001641.

  • Kattge J., Díaz S., Lavorel S., Prentice I. C., Leadley P., Bönisch G., Garnier E., Westoby M., Reich P. B., Wright I. J., Cornelissen J. H. C., Violle C., Harrison S. P., v. Bodegom P. M., Reichstein M., Enquist B. J., Soudzilovskaia N. A., Ackerly D. D., Anand M., Atkin O., Bahn M., et al. (2011): TRY – a global database of plant traits. Global Change Biology 17: 2905–2935.

  • Kohler M., Devaux C., Grigulis K., Leitinger G., Lavorel S., Tappeiner U. (2017) Plant functional assemblages as indicators of the resilience. Ecological Indicators, 73, 118-127, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.09.024.

  • Kohler M, Stotten R, Steinbacher M, Leitinger G, Tasser E, Schirpke U, Tappeiner U, Schermer M (2017) Translating tacit local knowledge into spatial information: a case study of future grassland development. Environmental Management, 60(4), 679-692, DOI: 10.1007/s00267-017-0903-7.

  • Lamarque P., Tappeiner U., Turner C., Steinbacher M., Bardgett R.D., Szukics U., Schermer M., Lavorel S. (2011) Stakeholder perceptions of grassland ecosystem services in relation to knowledge on soil fertility and biodiversity. Regional Environmental Change, 11(4), 791-804

  • Legay N., Baxendale C., Grigulis K., Szukics U., Kastl E.M., Schloter M., Bardgett R., Arnoldi C., Bahn M., Dumont M., Poly F., Pommier T., Clement JC, Lavorel S. (2014): Contribution of above- and below-ground plant traits to the structure and function of grassland soil microbial communities. Annals of Botany, in press.

  • Leitinger G., Höller P., Tasser E., Walde J., Tappeiner U. (2008): Development and Validation of a Spatial Snow­Glide Model. Ecological Model­ling 211: 363­374

  • Leitinger, G., Tasser, E., Newesely, C., Obojes, N., Tappeiner, U. (2010): Seasonal dynamics of surface runoff in mountain grassland ecosystems differing in land use. Journal of Hydrology 385: 95­104.

  • Leitinger G, Ruggenthaler R, Hammerle A, Lavorel S, Schirpke U, Clement JC, Lamarque P, Obojes N, Tappeiner U (2015) Impact of droughts on water provision in managed alpine grasslands in two climatically different regions of the Alps. Ecohydrology, 8, 1600-1630, DOI:10.1002/eco.1607.

  • Lavorel S, Grigulis K, Leitinger G, Kohler M, Schirpke U, Tappeiner U (2017) Historical trajectories in land use pattern and grassland ecosystem services in two European alpine landscapes. Regional Environmental Change, 17(8), 2251–2264, DOI: 10.1007/s10113-017-1207-4

  • Li Y., Tenhunen J., Owen K., Schmitt M., Bahn M., Drösler M., Otieno D., Schmidt M., Grünwald Th., Hussain M.Z., Mirzae H., Bernhofer Ch. (2008): Patterns of CO2 exchange capacity of grassland ecosystems in the Alps. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 148: 51­68.

  • Locatelli B, Lavorel S, Sloan S, Tappeiner U, Geneletti D (2017) Characteristic trajectories of ecosystem services in mountains. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 15(3), 150-159, DOI: 10.1002/fee.1470.

  • Mair E., Leitinger G., Della Chiesa S., Niedrist G., Tappeiner U., Bertoldi G. (2016) A simple method to combine snow height and meteorological observations to estimate winter precipitation at sub-daily resolution. Hydrological Sciences Journal / Journal Des Sciences Hydrologiques 61/11, 2050 – 2060, DOI : 10.1080/02626667.2015.1081203

  • Meyer S., Leifeld J., Bahn M., Fuhrer J. (2012a): Free and protected soil organic carbon dynamics respond differently to abandonment of mountain grassland. Biogeosciences 9: 853-865.

  • Meyer S., Leifeld J., Bahn M., Fuhrer J. (2012b): Land-use change in subalpine grassland soils: Effect on particulate organic carbon fractions and aggregation. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 175: 401–409.

  • Migliavacca M., Reichstein M., Richardson A.D., Colombo R., Sutton M., Lasslop G., Wohlfahrt G., Tomelleri E., Carvalhais N., Cescatti A., Mahecha M., Montagnani L., Papale D., Zaehle S., Arain A., Arneth A., Black A.T., Dore S., Gianelle D., Helfter C., Hollinger D., Kutsch W., Law B.E., Lafleur P.M., Nouvellon Y., Rebmann C., da Rocha H., Rodeghiero M., Roupsard O., Sebastia M.­T., Seufert G., Soussana J.­F., van der Molen M.K. (2010): Semi-empirical modeling of abiotic and biotic factors controlling ecosystem respiration across eddy covariance sites. Global Change Biology

  • Moles A.T., Perkins S.E., Laffan S.W., Flores-Moreno H., Awasthy M., Tindall M.L., Sack L., Pitman A., Kattge J., Aarssen L.W., Anand M., Bahn M., Blonder B., Cavender-Bares, Cornelissen J.H.C., Cornwell W.K., Dıaz S., Dickie J.B., Freschet G.T., Griffiths J.G., Gutierrez A.G., Hemmings F.A., Hickler T., Hitchcock T.D., Keighery M., Kleyer M., Kurokawa H., Leishman M.R., Liu ., Niinemets Ü., Onipchenko V., Onoda Y., Peñuelas J,. Pillar .D., Reich P.B., Shiodera S., Siefert A., Sosinski E.E.Jr,. Soudzilovskaia N.A., Swaine E.K., Swenson N.G., van Bodegom P.M., Warman L., Weiher E., Wright I.J., Zhang H., Zobel H., Bonser .P. (2014): Which is a better predictor of plant traits: temperature or precipitation? Journal of Vegetation Science, doi: 10.1111/jvs.12190.

  • Müller M., Graus M., Ruuskanen T.M., Schnitzhofer R., Bamberger I., Kaser L., Titzmann T., Hörtnagl L., Wohlfahrt G., Karl T., Hansel A. (2010): First eddy covariance measurements by PTR TOF. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 3, 387 395.

  • Newesely C., Leitinger G., Zimmerhofer W., Kohl B., Markart G., Tasser E., Tappeiner U. (2015) Rain simulation in patchy landscapes: insights from a case study in the Central Alps. Catena 127, 1-8, DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2014.11.013

  • Niedertscheider M., Tasser E., Pateck M., Rüdisser J., Tappeiner U., Erb K.-H. (2017) Influence of land-use intensification on C-stock trajectories in an Alpine valley from 1865 to 2003. Ecosystems, 20(8), 1391-1406, DOI: 10.1007/s10021-017-0120-5.

  • Obojes N., Bahn M., Tasser E., Walde J., Inauen N., Hiltbrunner E., Saccone P., Lochet J., Clément J.C., Lavorel S., Tappeiner U., Körner Ch. (2014): Vegetation effects on the water balance of mountain grasslands depend on climatic conditions. Ecohydrology, DOI: 10.1002/eco.1524.

  • Peichl M., Sonnentag O., Wohlfahrt G., Flanagan L.B., Baldocchi D.D., Kiely G., Galvagno M., Gianelle D., Marcolla B., Pio C., Migliavacca M., Jones M.B., Saunders M. (2013): Convergence of potential net ecosystem production across contrasting C3 grasslands. Ecology Letters 16, 502-512.

  • Ruuskanen T.M., Müller M., Schnitzhofer R., Karl T., Graus M., Bamberger I., Hörtnagl L., Brilli F., Wohlfahrt G., Hansel A. (2011): Eddy covariance VOC emission and deposition fluxes above grassland using PTR-TOF. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, 611-625.

  • Schirpke U, Hölzler S, Leitinger G, Bacher M, Tappeiner U, Tasser E (2013) : Can we model the scenic beauty of an Alpine landscape? Sustainability, 5(3), 1080-1094, DOI: doi.org/10.3390/su5031080

  • Schirpke U, Kohler M, Leitinger G, Fontana V, Tasser E, Tappeiner U (2017) Future impacts of changing land-use and climate on ecosystem services and resilience of mountain grassland. Ecosystem Services, 26/A, 79–94,  DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.06.008.

  • Schirpke U., Leitinger G., Tappeiner U., Tasser E. (2012) SPA-LUCC: developing land-use/cover scenarios in mountain landscapes. Ecological Informatics 12, 68-76, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2012.09.002

  • Schirpke, U., Leitinger, G., Tasser, E., Schermer, M., Steinbacher, M., Tappeiner, U. (2013): Multiple ecosystem services of a changing Alpine landscape: past, present and future. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management, 9(2), 123-135.

  • Schirpke U., Tappeiner G., Tasser E., Tappeiner U. (2019) Using conjoint analysis to gain deeper insights into aesthetic landscape preferences. Ecological Indicators, 96(1), 202-212,  DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.09.001

  • Schirpke U., Tasser E., Tappeiner U. (2013) : Predicting scenic beauty of mountain regions. Landscape and Urban Planning 111, 1–12, DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.11.010

  • Schirpke U., Timmermann D.F., Tappeiner U., Tasser E. (2016) Cultural ecosystem services of mountain regions: Modelling the aesthetic value. Ecological Indicators, 69, 78–90, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.04.001

  • Schmitt M., Bahn M., Wohlfahrt G., Tappeiner U., Cernusca A. (2010): Land use affects the net ecosystem CO2 exchange and its compo­nents in mountain grasslands. Biogeosciences 7: 2297­2309.

  • Seeber J., Rief A., Richter A., Traugott M, Bahn M. (2012): Drought-induced reduction in uptake of recently photosynthesized carbon by springtails and mites in alpine grassland. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 55: 37-39.

  • Seidl R., Albrich K., Erb K.H., Formayer H., Leidinger D., Leitinger G., Tappeiner U., Tasser E., Rammert W. (2019) What drives the future supply of regulating ecosystem services in a mountain forest landscape? Forest Ecology and Management, 445, 37-47, DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.03.047.

  • Stoy P.C., Richardson A.D., Baldocchi D.D., Katul G.G., Stanovick J., Mahecha M.D., Reichstein M., Detto M., Law B.E., Wohlfahrt G., Arriga N., Campos J., McCaughey J.H., Montagnani L., Paw U K.T., Sevanto S., Williams M. (2009): Biosphere­atmosphere exchange of CO2 in relation to climate: a cross­biome analysis across multiple time­scales. Biogeosciences 6, 2297­2312.

  • Tasser E., Leitinger G., Tappeiner U. (2017) Climate Change vs Land-Use Change - which affects the landscape more? Land Use Policy, 60, 60-72, DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.10.019.

  • Tasser, E., Tappeiner, U., Cernusca, A. (2005) Ecological effects of land use changes in the European Alps. In: Huber, U.M, Bugmann, H.K.M, Reasoner, MA (eds.) Global Change and Mountain Regions – A State of Knowledge Over­view. Springer, Dordrecht, p 413-425.

  • Tappeiner U., Tasser E., Leitinger L., Cernusca A., Tappeiner G. (2008): Effects of Historical and Likely Future Scenarios of Land Use on Above­ and Below­Ground Vegetation Carbon Stocks of an Alpine Valley. Ecosystems 11: 1383­140.

  • Tenhunen J., Geyer R., Adiku S., Reichstein M., Tappeiner U., Bahn M., Cernusca A., Dinh N.Q., Kolcun O., Lohila A., Otieno D., Schmidt M., Schmitt M., Wang Q., Wartinger M., Wohlfahrt G., (2009): Influences of changing land use and CO2 concentration on ecosystem and landscape level carbon and water balances in mountainous terrain of the Stubai Valley, Austria. Global and Planetary Change 67: 29­43

  • Teuling A.J., Hirschi M., Ohmura A., Wild M., Reichstein M., Ciais P., Buchmann N., Ammann C., Montagnani L., Richardson A.D., Wohlfahrt G., Seneviratne S. (2009): A regional perspective on trends in continental evaporation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L02404, doi:10.1029/2008GL036584

  • Teuling A.J., Seneviratne S.I., Stöckli R., Reichstein M., Moors E., Ciais P., Luyssaert S., van den Hurk B., Ammann C., Bernhofer C., Dellwik E., Gianelle D., Gielen B., Grünwald T., Klumpp K., Montagnani L., Moureaux C., Sottocornola M., Wohlfahrt G. (2010): Contrasting response of European forest and grassland energy exchange to heat waves. Nature Geoscience, doi:10.1038/ngeo950.

  • Vargas R., Baldocchi D.D., Allen M.F., Bahn M., Black T.A., Collins S.L., Curiel Yuste J., Hirano T., Jassal R.S., Pumpanen J., Tang J. (2010): Looking deeper into the soil: biophysical controls and seasonal lags of soil CO2 production and efflux across multiple vegetation types. Ecological Applications, 20: 1569­1582.

  • Vargas R., D.D. Baldocchi, M. Bahn, P.J. Hanson, K.P. Hosman, L. Kulmala, J. Pumpanen, B. Yang (2011): On the multi-temporal correlation between photosynthesis and soil CO2 efflux: reconciling lags and observations. New Phytologist 191: 1006–1017

  • Vicca S., Bahn M., Estiarte M., van Loon E. E., Vargas R., Alberti G., Ambus P., Arain M. A., Beier C., Bentley L. P., Borken W., Buchmann N., Collins S. L., de Dato G., Dukes J.S., Escolar C., Fay P., Guidolotti G., Hanson P. J., Kahmen A., Kröel-Dulay G., Ladreiter-Knauss T., Larsen K., Lellei-Kovacs E., Lebrija-Trejos E., Maestre F. T., Marhan S., Marshall M., Meir P., Miao Y., Muhr . J., Niklaus P., Ogaya R., Peñuelas J., Poll C., Rustad L. E., Savage K., Schindlbacher A., Schmidt I. K., Smith A., Sotta E. D., Suseela V., Tietema A., van Gestel N., van Straaten O., Wan S., Weber U., Janssens I.A. (2014): Can current moisture responses predict soil respiration under altered precipitation regimes? A synthesis of manipulation experiments. Biogeosciences 11: 2991–3013.

  • Wieser G., Hammerle A., Wohlfahrt G. (2008): The water balance of grassland ecosystems in the Austrian Alps. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research, 40: 439­445, 2008.

  • Williams C.A., Reichstein M., Buchmann N., Baldocchi D., Beer C., Schwalm C., Wohlfahrt G., Hasler N., Bernhofer C., Foken T., Papale D., Schymanski S., Schaefer K. (2012): Climate and vegetation controls on the surface water balance: synthesis of evaportranspiration measured across a global network of flux towers. Water Resources Research 48, W0652. DOI:10.1029/2011WR011586.

  • Wohlfahrt G., Anderson­Dunn M., Bahn M., Balzarolo M., Berninger F., Campbell C., Carrara A., Cescatti A., Christensen T., Dore S., Eugster W., Friborg T., Furger M., Gianelle D., Gimeno C., Hargreaves K., Hari P., Haslwanter A., Johansson T., Marcolla B., Milford C., Nagy Z., Nemitz E., Rogiers N., Sanz M.J., Siegwolf R.T.W., Susiluoto S., Sutton M., Tuba Z., Ugolini F., Valentini R., Zorer R., Cernusca A. (2008): Biotic, abiotic and management controls on the net ecosystem CO2 exchange of European mountain grasslands. Ecosystems 11:1338­1351.

  • Wohlfahrt G., Cremonese E., Hammerle A., Hörtnagl L., Galvagno M., Gianelle D., Marcolla B., Morra di Cella U. (2013): Tradeoffs between global warming and day length on the start of the carbon uptake period in seasonally cold ecosystems. Geophysical Research Letters 40 (23), 6136-6142.

  • Wohlfahrt G., Hammerle A., Haslwanter A., Bahn M., Tappeiner U., Cernusca A. (2008): Disentangling leaf area and environmental effects on the response of the net ecosystem CO2 exchange to diffuse radiation. Geophysical Research Letters, 35, L16805, doi:10.1029/2008GL035090.

  • Wohlfahrt G., Hammerle A., Haslwanter A., Bahn M., Tappeiner U., Cernusca A. (2008): Seasonal and inter­annual variability of the net ecosystem CO2 exchange of a temperate mountain grassland: Effects of weather and management, Journal of Geophysical Research, 113, D08110, doi:10.1029/2007JD009286.

  • Wohlfahrt G., Haslwanter A., Hörtnagl L., Jasoni R L., Fenstermaker L. F., Arnone J. A. III, Hammerle A. (2009): On the consequences of the energy imbalance for calculating surface conductance to water vapour. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 149, 1556 ­ 1559.

  • Wohlfahrt G., Irschick C., Thalinger B., Hörtnagl L., Obojes N., Hammerle A. (2010): Insights from independent evapotranspiration estimates for closing the energy balance: a grassland case study. Vadose Zone Journal, in press

  • Wohlfahrt G., Pilloni S., Hörtnagl L., Hammerle A. (2010): Estimating carbon dioxide fluxes from temperate mountain grasslands using broad­band vegetation indices. Biogeosciences 7, 683­694.

  • Zimmermann, P., Tasser, E., Leitinger, G., Tappeiner, U. (2010): Effects of land­use and land­cover pattern on landscape­scale biodiversity in the European Alps. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment doi:10.1016/j.agee.2010.06.010